This test shows how well your body uses sugar called glucose. It is a method for learning how much glucose (sugar) there is in a blood sample taken after an overnight fast. The fasting blood glucose test is commonly used in the detection of diabetes mellitus. A blood sample can be taken in a lab, doctor’s office, or hospital. The test is done in the morning before the person has eaten.
2-hour postprandial blood sugar (glucose) test measures the blood sugar exactly 2 hours after eating a meal. Blood sugar tests may be used to check for diabetes and to see how treatment for diabetes is working. Normally, before age the 50, blood sugar levels should rise no higher than 140 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL), 2 hours after eating a meal. Healthy adults increase their blood sugar levels by 10 mg/dL for every 10 years of life before the age of 50.
The A1C test is a common blood test used to diagnose Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes and then to gauge how well you’re managing your diabetes.The A1C test result reflects your average blood sugar level for the past two to three months. Specifically, the A1C test measures what percentage of your hemoglobin — a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen — is coated with sugar (glycated). The higher your A1C level, the poorer your blood sugar control. And if you have previously been diagnosed with diabetes, the higher the A1C level, the higher your risk of diabetes complications.
A C-peptide test is a blood test which is carried out to find out how much insulin your body is producing. This may be useful for determining whether you have type 1 or type 2 diabetes or whether you have insulin resistance.
How is this test performed? To measure level of C-peptide a fasting blood test is taken. You will be asked not to eat or drink (certain fluids) for 8 to 12 hours before the test. If you take blood glucose lowering medication you will likely be asked to stop taking these in the run up to the test.
The normal range for a C-peptide test is: 0.51 to 2.72 nanograms per millilitre (ng/mL).
For the blood test itself, a sample of blood will be taken from your arm and it shouldn’t take much more than a minute. Levels of C-peptide as well as the blood glucose level will be measured.
The doctor measures the maximum pressure (systolic) and the lowest pressure (diastolic) made by the beating of the heart.
— The systolic pressure is the maximum pressure in an artery at the moment when the heart is beating and pumping blood through the body.
— The diastolic pressure is the lowest pressure in an artery in the moments between beats when the heart is resting.
Both the systolic and diastolic pressure measurements are important – if either one is raised, it means you have high blood pressure (hypertension).
A total cholesterol test measures all the cholesterol in your blood. Cholesterol is a soft, wax-like substance found in all parts of the body. Your body needs a little bit of cholesterol to work properly. But too much cholesterol can clog your arteries and lead to heart disease. Some cholesterol is considered “good” and some is considered “bad.”
Different blood tests are needed to individually measure each type of cholesterol.
HDL stands for high-density lipoprotein. It’s also sometimes called “good” cholesterol. Lipoproteins are made of fat and protein. They carry cholesterol, triglycerides, and other fats, called lipids, in the blood from other parts of your body to your liver.
Cholesterol mg/dl – LDL stands for low-density lipoprotein. It’s also sometimes called “bad” cholesterol. Lipoproteins are made of fat and protein. They carry cholesterol, triglycerides, and other fats, called lipids, in the blood to various parts of the body. LDL carries cholesterol to various tissues throughout the body. Too much LDL, commonly called “bad cholesterol,” is linked to cardiovascular disease. The lower your LDL, the lower your risk for heart disease or stroke.
The triglyceride level is a laboratory test to measure the amount of triglycerides in your blood. Triglycerides are a type of fat. Your body makes some triglycerides. Triglycerides also come from the food you eat. When you eat, your body uses carbohydrate calories for immediate energy. Leftover calories are turned into triglycerides and stored in fat cells for later use. If you eat more calories than your body needs, your triglyceride level may be high.
Parameters |
Good |
Fair |
Poor |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fasting Blood Sugar mg/dl | 70-110 | 111-125 | More than 125 |
| Two Hours PP Blood Sugar mg/dl | 120-140 | 141-200 | More than 200 |
| HbA1c | 6 | 7 | More than 7 |
| Blood Pressure mm/hg | Less than 130/80 | Less than 140/90 | More than 140/90 |
| Total Cholestrol mg/dl | Less than 200 | 200-240 | More than 240 |
| HDL-Cholestrol mg/dl | More than 45 | 35-45 | Less than 35 |
| LDL – Cholestrol mg/dl | Less than 100 | 100-129 | More than 130 |
| Triglycerides mg/dl | Less than 150 | 150-200 | More than 200 |
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